Heavy oil and natural bitumen resources in geological. This book will consequently be of interest to both specialists and nonspecialists who are looking for a general overview on the question of heavy crude oils. Geo expro a cleaner future for heavy oil extraction. Heavy oil upgrading with minimal investment cost heavy oil upgrading with minimal investment cost jun long and deguang. Heavy crude oils editions technip technical books on oil. Petroleum geologists categorize bitumen from oil sands as extraheavy oil due to its density of less than 10 api. Insitu upgrading of heavy oilbitumen during steam injection. Upgrading oil sands and heavy oil natural resources canada. Unconventional oils mainly heavy oils, extra heavy oils and bitumens represent a significant share of the total oil world reserves. Applying canadian heavy oil innovations in venezuela. Reduce opex and co2 emissions in heavy oil production fields by luis klemas, chemical engineering consultant september 2015 email. Theme description the change in the average crude oil quality due to the scarcity of light oil reserves and to the increase of the use of shale oil, oil sand and bitumen is causing significant. They represent a massive world resource, at least the size of conventional.
Viscous oil is heavy or extra heavy crude oil with high viscosity. Zu, research institute of petroleum processing, sinopec abstract. In situ catalytic upgrading of heavy oil using a pelletized. As a result of years of study and practices, cnpc has developed advanced and applicable heavy oil recovery technologies, enabling the heavy oil with a viscosity up to 100,000 centipoises or buried at a depth of 5,300 meters to be extracted to the ground. Current situation of emerging technologies for upgrading heavy oils author. The initial approach was to search for the best parts of other existing technologies and, following inhouse improvements, to develop a. An overview of heavy oil properties and its recovery and. Upgrading and refining process development natural.
Therefore, new and costeffective technologies need to be. Oil sands and heavy oil worldwide production and infrastructure markets is an informative and comprehensive resource featuring datadriven analysis of global crude oil resources with an. Evaluation of emerging technologies for heavy oil upgrading from may 1998 to january 1999, genoil researched and evaluated emerging technologies to determine their capabilities for the upgrading of heavy oil. The canadian long lake project 42 by john birdgeneau case study. But, what is the real problem of this change in a refinery diet. Heavy oil upgrading environment market and technology. Heavy oils heavy oil classification heavy oil, extra heavy oil, oil sand, tar sands, oil shale and bitumen are all unconventional oil resources. In dealing with russian resources the term natural bitumen is taken to include both maltha and asphalt but excludes asphaltite. In this paper the effects of some ionic liquids elaborated with iron and molybdenum used to upgrade the properties of a heavy crude oil are discussed. Has the time for partial upgrading of heavy oil and.
There are various commercially available technologies to upgrade heavy petroleum. Speightheavy and extraheavy oil upgrading technologies. Am0629 page 1 reserved a new approach to heavy oil and bitumen upgrading b. Table 1 emerging technologies for heavy, extraheavy crude oil processing. Also known as oil sands, bitumen shares the attributes of. Meta used this list to vet the popular upgrading technologies and found them. Heavy oil recovery and upgrading covers properties, factors, methods and all current and upcoming processes, giving engineers, new and experienced, the full spectrum of recovery choices, including sagd, horizontal well technology, and hybrid approaches. In canada, approximately 20% of oil production is from heavy oil and oil sand resources 1.
If the oil contains higher viscosity thickness, it does not flow easily under normal conditions. Circulating oil can 150 iso viscosity, 40 sae, 100760 at. An overview of heavy oil properties and its recovery and transportation methods. The final energy products derived from oil sands are transportation fuels. Heavy and extraheavy oil upgrading technologies kindle edition by speight, james g download it once and read it on your kindle device, pc, phones or tablets. This leads to monikers like oil sands, a term used to describe the natural extraheavy oil or bitumen in northern canada.
Extra heavy oil and oil sands contributing to 7% of liquid hydrocarbon supply in 2030. Heavy oil and bitumen resources heavy and extraheavy oils are loosely defined as crude petroleum with api. The oil sands leadership initiative 48 by dr vincent saubestre heavy oil and extra heavy oil overview 52 by georgia lewis. Various emerging technologies have been reported in the literature, mainly in patents, which have been developed and tested at different scale and with a wide variety of heavy petroleum. Conversion up to 95% and higher reactor throughput. Heavy oil is characterized by a higher viscosity and density than that of conventional crude oil reservoir viscosity of around 10,000 mpas. Extraheavy, impure oils also require very large energy inputs to upgrade and preprocess into synthetic crude oil that is then processed by a. In situ catalytic upgrading of heavy crude with capri.
Supercritical water cracking scwc technology can upgrade oil sands, extra heavy oils and high pour point crude oils to. In the presence of fe3co12, the reaction of hamaca extra heavy crude oil led to a reduction of two orders of magnitude in the viscosity from 500 to 1. The portion of heavy oil having an api gravity of less than 10. The oil sands of alberta alone contain over two trillion barrels of oil. Petroleum engineering downstream future technology in heavy oil processing jorge ancheyta, mohan s. Headwaters technology innovations group htig developed a catalytic heavy oil upgrading technology known as hcat.
At the exit of the upgrading plant, the oil reaches a api gravity of 1819 and a 100c kinematic viscosity of 23 cst. Heavy oil properties are discussed to highlight their effects on oil flowability. Heavy and extraheavy oil upgrading technologies, speight. The application of thermal energy to increase heavy oil recovery has become more popular as conventional reserves decline. Heavy and extraheavy oil upgrading technologies 1st edition. Clear and rigorous, heavy and extra heavy oil upgrading technologies will prove tool for those scientists and engineers already engaged in fossil fuel science and technology as well as scientists, nonscientists, engineers, and nonengineers who wish to gain a general overview or update of the science and technology of unconventional fossil. Extraheavy oil and oil sands contributing to 7% of liquid hydrocarbon supply in 2030. Upgrading bitumen into synthetic crude oil sco is of great current and future interest due to the planned and forecast large expansion of. Heavy oil is defined as liquid petroleum of less than 20api gravity or more than 200 cp viscosity at reservoir conditions. Heavy and extraheavy oil upgrading technologies james g. Landbased and marine steam turbine, hydro turbine and some gas turbine circulation systems, including pumps, valves and other ancillary equipment.
Extra heavy oil derived from oil sand is a viscous petroleum consisting of millions of different molecules. Heavy oil recovery and usage ben reinhardt november 28, 2010 submitted as coursework for physics 240, stanford university, fall 2010. We have been working on overcoming the challenges of heavy oil production in the lloydminster area for over 70 years. Has the time for partial upgrading of heavy oil and bitumen arrived. Get your kindle here, or download a free kindle reading app. Large amounts of energy are put into the extraction and production of heavy oil about 20% to 30% of the energy that is actually produced 2 fabian bjornseth. The mobil dte oil named series of lubricants are premium performance circulating lubricants designed for applications where long lubricant service life is required. What makes oil heavy is the fact that it is thick, sometimes immobile and often locked into a reservoir of sand underground. Shale oil and tight oil global roundup 24 oil sands overview 30 by wishart robson case study. An evolution of technologies in advanced combustion engines and in transportation fuels is anticipated, motivated by. Heavy oil and natural bitumen resources in billions of barrels of oil bbo and. Partial upgrading technology for extra heavy oil with. Spe distinguished lecturer program primary funding is provided by. Clear and rigorous, heavy and extraheavy oil upgrading technologies will prove tool for those scientists and engineers already engaged in fossil fuel science and technology as well as scientists, nonscientists, engineers, and nonengineers who wish to gain a general overview or update of the science and technology of unconventional fossil.
For several years due to lack of information regarding production and technology, freeflowing, low viscosity oil has been produced known as. Upgrading in oil sands production 40 by mike ashar case study. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading. Current situation of emerging technologies for upgrading of heavy oils. Heavy oil and natural bitumen resources in geological basins. Bitumen is the heaviest, thickest form of petroleum. Upgrader plants are typically located close to oil sands production, for example, the athabasca oil sands in alberta, canada or the orinoco tar sands in venezuela. Upgrading and refining process development in the figure below, you can see a schematic diagram example of the upgrading process pathway for cleaned bitumen in order to transform it into valueadded synthetic crude oil sco. It allows it to be further processed into fuels and lubricants at existing refineries, and used as feedstock in petrochemical plants most of which are not engineered to handle these heavy feedstock.
Heavy crude oil is closely related to natural bitumen from oil sands. Crewe, meta petroleum abstract the current growth in transportation fuel demand is outpacing the supply of traditional. Purchase heavy and extraheavy oil upgrading technologies 1st edition. As stated above dte heavy medium is in fact iso 68 oil. No explicit differentiation is made between heavy oil and oil sands tar sands, although the criteria of less than 12api gravity and greater than 10,000 cp are sometimes used to define oil sands. Heavy crude oil or extra heavy crude oil is highlyviscous oil that cannot easily flow to production wells under normal reservoir conditions it is referred to as heavy because its density or specific gravity is higher than that of light crude oil. Barrels of oil per day bopd, venezuelan extra heavy crude is around 1 million.
Current situation of emerging technologies for upgrading. Oil companies have expressed interest in unconventional oil as alternative resources for the energy supply. Oil viscosity helps to measure a fluids resistance to flow. Current situation of emerging technologies for upgrading of. Upgrading is a heavy oil or bitumen improvement method that uses hydroprocessing to modify the relative proportion of. Little 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% others oil sands bitumen extra heavy total 2899 1640 2111 531 0 237 883 1709 1034 1106. Has the time for partial upgrading of heavy oil and bitumen. Several technologies have been developed over the years in order to mobilize the. Our emphasis is on developing the highest quality product blended with outstanding customer service. Studies on the application of transitionmetal catalysts for heavy oil or bitumen insitu upgrading were conducted in the absence of a porous medium, mainly measuring the characteristics of heavy oil in reaction with metal ions at static conditions with the help of a magnetic stirrer. Moving on to the upgrading and refining of the product, the book also includes information on in situ upgrading, refining options, and. Upgrading oil sands and heavy oil is an essential part of oil sands development as it adds tremendous value to the raw resource. Heavy oil may also require additional processing, usually referred to as upgrading, after being produced in order to be transported and refined. Heavy crude oils in the perspective of world oil demand.
Current situation of emerging technologies for upgrading heavy oils. In canada, approximately 20 % of oil production is from heavy oil and oil sand resources. In the presence of fe3co12, the reaction of hamaca extraheavy crude oil led to a reduction of two orders of magnitude in the viscosity from 500 to 1. Emerging technology remarks hcat process headwaters heavy oil reported as a breakthrough process to convert low quality feedstock high asphalt and metals. Heavy oil recovery and upgrading 1st edition elsevier. Pdvsa is the company with the largest production of extra heavy crude oil in the world, followed by canadian companies and by the majors. Steam injection accounts for the majority of the thermal. Moving on to the upgrading and refining of the product, the book also includes information on in situ upgrading. Heavy oil and bitumen resources heavy and extra heavy oils are loosely. Available at a lower price from other sellers that may not offer free prime. The drawbacks are the large dimension of the equipment, the low volumetric yield of upgraded crude, the low capacity for extraheavy oil processing, the high formation of coke and a low sulfur content reduction. Extraheavy oil derived from oil sand is a viscous petroleum consisting of millions of different. An upgrader is a facility that upgrades bitumen extra heavy oil into synthetic crude oil.
Heavy oils, extraheavy oils and tar sands are major players for the future of energy. Also known as oil sands, bitumen shares the attributes of heavy oil but is even more dense and. However, there is much still to be done to improve techniques for their processing to make recovery. Heavy oil upgrading from mine to motor c fairbridge, j chen, p rahimi, e little. Rana encyclopedia of life support systems eolss future technology in heavy oil processing jorge ancheyta instituto mexicano del petroleo, eje central lazaro cardenas norte 152, mexico city, mexico mohan s.
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